第 15 筆
國家圖書館索書號: 系統編號: 91NCKU5442168
　　　　　出版年: 民2003/07/31
　　　　　研究生: 賴瑞揚 Juei-Yang Lai
(以研究生姓名查詢國家圖書館索書號 ，未查獲者表國圖尚未典藏)
(以研究生姓名查詢國科會科資中心微片資料庫)
(連結至全國圖書聯合目錄)　 (連結至政大圖書館館藏目錄)
　　　　論文名稱: 末梢血流波形之動態即時量測與分析系統之設計
　　　　論文名稱: Design of Real-Time System for Dynamically Measuring and
Analyzing the Peripheral Blood Flow Waveform
　　　　指導教授: 楊明興 Ming-Shing Young
　　　　學位類別: 碩士
　　　　校院名稱: 國立成功大學
　　　　系所名稱: 電機工程學系碩博士班
　　　　　學年度: 91
　　　　　語文別: 中文
　　　　論文頁數: 58
　　　　　關鍵字: 末梢血流波形 peripheral blood flow
waveform
諧波分析 harmonic wave analysis
[摘要]
　中國醫學遠在現代西方醫學興起前，便開始有其自成一套的診斷及治療結構，更是幾千
年來中國人智慧的結晶，照顧著世世代代中國人的健康，並成為中國文化的寶典。近年來
，中央研究院王唯工教授所提出的氣血循環共振理論，認為近代十大死因中大多與循環有
關，主因大部份都是由於循環不良所造成的，而血循環可以說是身體統治每一個器官及組
織所使用的工具，其包含供給身體各個細胞與組織所需的養分，及用來對抗病菌所需的進
攻物質。
　本論文研製一個末梢血流波形即時量測與分析系統，量測身體血循環末稍血流波形變化
，即時記錄及分析，以利血流波形資料能加以量化及統計分析，找出血循環與生理狀況之
相互關係，作為研判參考之用。此外，本系統與壓力感測器量測橈動脈血壓波形之量測及
分析系統，作相互比較，證明本系統之可行性。


[摘要]
　Chinese Medicine was innovated earlier than Modern Medicine. It is a bible
of Chinese civilization in medicine. Chinese Medicine originated from Chinese
people’s intelligence. And it has taken care of Chinese health generation by
generation for thousands years.
　Recently, a resonance model of blood pressure circulation was presented by
professor W.K. Wang. He considers that top ten of diseased death is related to
blood circulation and the main cause is obstructive in blood circulation.
　This study develops a system with the function of real-time measuring,
recording and analyzing the variation of peripheral blood flow waveform. The
result is used to estimate the relation between blood circulation and
physiological condition. It can be offer a reference for a medical doctor.


[論文目次]
　中文摘要　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ
　英文摘要Ⅱ
　致謝Ⅲ
　目錄Ⅳ
　表目錄Ⅶ
　圖目錄Ⅷ
　第一章 緒論1
　1-1研究動機1
　1-2研究目的2
　第二章 系統設計原理與方法4
　2-1 系統架構4
　2-2 硬體設計6
　2-2-1 光感測器6
　2-2-2 量測電路模組設計8
　2-2-3 類比至數位轉換電路設計12
　2-2-4 串列傳輸介面電路設計15
　2-2-5 系統電源供應電路模組設計16
　2-3 韌體設計　 20
　2-4 軟體設計21
　2-4-1 通訊介面程式22
　2-4-2 訊號取樣頻率23
　2-4-3 分析處理程式24
　2-4-3-1 消除基線漂移25
　2-4-3-2 擷取特徵週期26
　2-4-3-3 諧波分析28
　2-4-3-4 統計分析29
　第三章 系統功能測試與整合30
　3-1 系統功能測試31
　3-2 量測電路模組測試32
　3-3 類比至數位轉換電路測試32
　3-4 串列傳輸介面電路測試32
　3-5 系統電源電路模組測試32
　3-6 系統整合測試33
　第四章 實驗方法與結果34
　4-1 實驗方法及設備34
　4-2 實驗結果35
　4-2-1 十位正常男子分析結果35
　4-2-2 病人分析結果41
　第五章 討論　　44
　第六章 結論46
　參考文獻48
　附錄
　附錄AAT89C51單晶片微處理器韌體程式51
　附錄B系統電路圖53
　附錄C 諧波成分與臟器經絡的關係表57
　自述 58


[參考文獻]
　[1]M.F. O’Rourke, A.P. Avolio,“Pulsatile Flow And Pressure in Human
Systemic Arteries：Studies in Man And in a Multi-Branched Model of the Human
Systemic Arterial Tree”, Cir. Res. 46,pp.363-372,1980.
　[2]M.G. Taylor,“ An Approach to the Analysis of the Arterial Pulse Wave II.
Fluid Oscillations in an Elastic Tube ”,Phys. Med. Biol. 1,pp.321-329,1966.
　[3]Y.Y. Wang Lin, S.L. Chang, Y.E. Wu, T.L. Hsu, W.K. Wang, “Resonance：the
Missing Phenomenon in Hemodynamics”, Circulation Research, edited by W.K.
Wang,69,pp.246-249, 1991.
　[4]W.K. Wang, Y.Y. Lao, T.L. Hsu, Y. Chiang, Y.Y. Wang Lin, “Resonance of
Organs with Heart”, Biomedical Engineering：An International Symposium edited
by W.J. Wang. (Washington, DC：Hemisphere),pp.259-268,1989.
　[5]S.T. Young, W.K. Wang, L.S. Chang, T.S. Kuo, “Specific Frequency
Properties of Renal and Superior Mesenteric Arterial Beds in Rats”,
Cardiovascular Research,23, pp.465-467,1989.
　[6]W.K. Wang, Y.Y. Wang Lin, T.L. Hsu, Y. Chiang, “Some Foundations of
Pulse Feeling in Chinese Medicine”,In Biomedical Engineering：An International
Symposium,edited by W.J. Wang. (Washington, DC：Hemisphere),pp.268-297,1989.
　[7]王唯工，“氣的樂章”，大塊文化，台北市，2002.
　[8]S.T. Young, W.K. Wang, L.S. Chang, T.S. Kuo, “The Spectrum Study of
Blood Pressure during the Disturbance of Organic Vascular Beds and Their
Explanations”,Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers. Vol.12,No.5,pp.
651-657, 1989.
　[9]Y.Y. Wang Lin, C.C. Chang, J.C. Chen, H. Hsiu, W.K. Wang, “Pressure Wave
Propagation in Arteries - A Model with Radial Dilatation for Simulating the
Behavior of a Real Artery”,IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology,16, pp.51-
56,1997.
　[10]S.T. Young, W.K. Wang, L.S. Chang, T.S. Kuo, “The Filter Properties of
Arterial Bed of Organ in Rats”,Acta Physiological Scandinavica,145,pp.401-406,
1992.
　[11]王唯工，楊順聰，“中醫把脈機之試製及臨床測試”，行政院國家科學委員會專題
研究計畫成果報告，1988.
　[12]C. W. Hsieh, C. W. Mao, M. S. Young, “Assessment of Parasympathetic
Control of Blood Vessel by Pulsation Spectrum and Comparison with Spectral
Method of RR Intervals” Submitted to Biomedical Engineering- Application,
Basis＆Communications, Vol.15, No.1, pp.8-16, 2003.
　[13]C.W. Hsieh, C.W. Mao, M.S. Young, T. L. Yeh, and S. J. Yeh “Respiratory
effect on the pulse spectrum”,Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology,Vol.
27,pp.77-84,Number2, 2003.
　[14]June Y. lee and James C. Lin,“A Microprocessor Based Noninvasive
Arterial Pulse Wave Analyzer ”,IEEE Trans. On Biomedical Engineering,Vol BME-
32,No.6,pp451-455,June 1985.
　[15]Sergio Franco,“Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog Integrated
Circuits”,McGraw-Hill,2002.
　[16]Thomas L. Floyd, David Buchla, Mark A. Yoder,“Basic operational
amplifiers and linear integrated circuits”, Prentice Hall,1998.
　[17]National Instruments Corporation,“Data Acquisition & Signal Conditioning
Course Manual”,NI,2002.
　[18]National Instruments Corporation,“DQA 6023E/6024E/6025E User Manual”,
NI,1999.
　[19]Robert A. Witte,“Electronic Test Instruments,Prentice Hall,2002.
　[20]盧明智、盧鵬任，“感測器應用與線路分析”，全華科技圖書股份有限公司,民國87
年1月。
　[21]許永和，“USB週邊裝置設計與應用”，全華科技圖書，2000。
　[22]Peter V. O’Neil,“Advanced Engineering Mathematics”,4 Ed,Brooks/Cole
Publishing Co.,1995.


-----------------

第 19 筆
國家圖書館索書號: 系統編號: 91NTU00198008
　　　　　出版年: 民92
　　　　　研究生: 鮑建國 BAU, Jian-Guo
(以研究生姓名查詢國家圖書館索書號 ，未查獲者表國圖尚未典藏)
(以研究生姓名查詢國科會科資中心微片資料庫)
(連結至全國圖書聯合目錄)　 (連結至政大圖書館館藏目錄)
　　　　電子全文: 電子全文下載
　　　　論文名稱: 穴診機制與量化之研究
　　　　論文名稱: Study of Mechanism and Quantification of Acu-scope
　　　　指導教授: 王唯工 WANG, Wei-Kung
陳義裕
　　　　學位類別: 博士
　　　　校院名稱: 國立臺灣大學
　　　　系所名稱: 物理學研究所
　　　　　　學號: D83202010
　　　　　學年度: 91
　　　　　語文別: 中文
　　　　論文頁數: 80
　　　　　關鍵字: 穴診儀 Acu-scope
電極 electrode
極化 polarization
酸鹼度 pH
電阻抗 impedance
瞬態 transient
缺氧 ischemia
伏爾電針 EAV
[摘要]
近年來，對於疾病的病因探討與治療的方法主要集中在基因的研究上，然而，當組織細胞
無法獲得足夠的供血，會立刻反應在細胞功能的下降，長期則會造成結構性的改變甚至死
亡。穴診與脈診法即是從循環生理學的角度出發，希望經由及早診斷因血液循環系統的障
礙而處於缺氧狀態下的組織，以提供及早治療的依據。1980年代王唯工博士提出動脈血壓
波的共振理論，並由共振理論建立脈診法，脈診法是經由分析動脈血壓波波形以獲得全身
供血分配的診斷方法。我們希望進一步建立可量測局部組織在現有供血下的功能表現的診
斷方法。以EAV (Electro-Acupuncture according to Dr. Voll) 為主的穴診法是以量測
體表特定位置（通常是穴道點）的電阻抗的診斷方法。本論文的研究目的即是在由脈診
與EAV系統的研究經驗出發，為穴診法建立自物理學到生理學的理論基礎與量化的方法。
第二章共振理論與脈診，運用生物檢測(bio-assay)的想法，以活體大白鼠研究入脾經藥物
的藥效。如同共振理論的預測，八種入脾藥的效果對血壓波的第三諧波振幅百分比有顯著
的增加。此結果一方面可為中藥藥物的藥理找到現代生理學的理論基礎，一方面也在次驗
證依循共振理論建立的脈診法有效性。第三章中，在仔細檢討EAV系統的操作過程與包括兩
個電極在內的量測系統後，我們改將量測電極扎入皮下，並以程式控制的開關來提供穩定
的極化電壓，至此完成第一階段的系統標準化與結果的量化的工作。由和脈診及病人自覺
症狀的比較，顯示改良後的穴診系統不但與EAV系統有一致的診斷結果，更可達到可重現性
的量測。第四章我們在模擬系統上進行穴診儀原理的初探。當增加量測電極附近乳酸─無
氧醣解作用的產物的濃度時，極化電流顯示出較高的峰值，這與EAV在病態時量測的結果一
致。但是由反覆的校正實驗中發現，量測電極以外的部位對量測亦有貢獻。因此，為提昇
穴診系統的解析度與診斷能力，第五章與第六章分別定量分析被測系統（生物體）與量測
電極對量測的影響。在第五章對受測體進行整體分析，我們分別評估 (A) 大面積接觸電極
之阻抗，(B) 與電極接觸部分之皮膚阻抗，(C) 身體內部迴路之阻抗，對量測結果的貢獻
，並定量計算出各部分的阻抗值。由等效電路獲得的第一階近似顯示，當量測電極愈小，
愈可經由電容效應的分析量測到局部組織的阻抗變化，而瞬態電流的峰值則仍然同時受(B)
、(C)兩部分的影響而並非局部的效應。第六章中單獨研究量測電極的貢獻。在對模擬系統
中含不同濃度乳酸的NaCl溶液的量測結果顯示，乳酸濃度的升高主要反應在極化電容的增
加，所以當量測電極夠小，局部乳酸變化造成的局部電容改變可不受身體其他部分干擾，
而由電流曲線下面積得到。第七章我們針對穴診信號的來源：電極介面的極化進行研究，
我們發現對電極極化之瞬態電流（transient response）貢獻最大的因素是pH的變化，而
在缺氧的生理條件下組織的pH會因為乳酸的堆積而下降，這表示我們所建立的缺氧指標應
該是缺氧狀態下組織的pH改變所造成。
透過定量量測與分析的方法，穴診與脈診是了解中國傳統醫學的科學化工具。結合現代醫
學的工具與知識，與中醫學對整體氣血循環的認識，未來穴診法可以配合脈診法做為篩檢
與診斷循環生理運作正常與否方便而有效的工具。此外也可進一步開發成可微小化、幾乎
無傷害的組織pH的量測方法。


[摘要]
In 1980’s, a resonance theory was developed to describe the behavior of the
pulse for the blood pressure wave. Based on the resonance theory, pulse
analysis was built to obtain the information of the energy distribution in the
whole body. On the other hand, as a company of the pulse analysis, an
integrated diagnosis, a method for the functional diagnosis of specific tissue
is still needed. EAV (Electro-Acupuncture according to Dr. Voll), a widespread
method was used in Homeopathy to diagnose “energy” by measuring the skin
impedance of specific acupuncture points. Based on previous clinical and
fundamental studies of the pulse analysis and EAV, I aim at building the
working principles from physics to physiology and developing the quantitative
analysis of Acu-scope for the “local” diagnosis.
In chapter two, “resonance theory and pulse analysis”, the idea of bio-assay
is applied to study the effect of eight herbs used in Chinese medicine. As the
prediction of the resonance theory, all eight spleen-meridian-related herbs
increase the third harmonic proportion of blood pressure wave significantly.
The results not only provide pharmacological foundation for Chinese herbs, but
also give further supports for the efficiency of the resonance theory and the
pulse analysis. In chapter three, we standardize and quantify EAV by applying
subcutaneous measuring electrodes and using a programmable switch. The
modified Acu-scope system performs the same results in diagnosis and
especially shows highly reproducible ability. In chapter four, we investigate
the mechanism of Acu-scope in phantom. When the concentration of lactate is
increased near the measuring electrode, the peak current of polarization
becomes larger. Although the results are consistent with that of EAV, the
deviated calibration data seem still revealing the influence beyond the
interface of the measuring electrode. In order to enhance the performance of
the Acu-scope, we study the contributions of each part of samples and the
measuring electrodes respectively in chapter five and six. In chapter five,
contributions of three parts are evaluated: (A) interface impedance of surface
electrodes, (B) skin impedance contacted with surface electrode, and (C)
impedance of inner part of body. In the first order approximation of the
equivalent circuit, part (A) can be ignored, part (B) and (C) vary for
different subjects and should be taken into account. If the size of the
measuring electrode is small enough, total capacitance effect of the
polarization is determined by the capacitance of polarization at the measuring
electrode interface. Therefore, it can be used as a sensor to detect the
specific spot. Opposite to the capacitance effect, the peak current of
transient is influenced by both of the part (B) and (C). In chapter six, the
contribution of the measuring electrode is studied in particular. The enhanced
concentration of lactate mainly increases the capacitance of the polarization
rather than the peak current. In chapter seven, the influence of KCl on
polarization is compared with that of HCl. We observe that the electrode
polarization is mainly effected by pH. Because the pH decrease follows the
increase of the lactate in ischemia tissue, it reveals the measured signal of
the Acu-scope should be due to the variation of the pH in ischemia tissues.
By the quantitatively analytic methods, Acu-scope and the pulse analysis are
the scientific tools to investigate the traditional Chinese medicine.
Cooperated with the modern medicine and the experience of traditional
medicine, the Acu-scope can be coordinated with the pulse analysis to develop
as the screening and diagnostic device for the investigation on the severity
of ischemia tissues. With the advantages of a minimized electrode and short
response time, the Acu-scope will also be practical for either in-vitro or in-
vivo pH measurement.


[論文目次]
第一章 缺氧診斷－未來預防醫學的新方向　　　　　　　　　　 1
第二章 共振理論與脈診　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 7
第三章 穴診儀的標準化與量化　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　21
第四章 穴診儀的原理初探與定量校正　　　　　　　　　　　　35
第五章 穴診儀整體分析與改良　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　41
第六章 量測電極與穴診儀的量測　　　　　　　　　　　　　　63
第七章 電極極化與pH量測　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　69
第八章 結論與未來工作　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　79
參考資料　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 81


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