秋天了, 突然變冷又下雨, 感冒了, 迫病請假在家,
昨天去辦公室吹了一天冷氣才變嚴重的說.

在家還是繼續努力吧
除了在國家圖書館博碩士論文那邊,
可以下載王唯工教授指導學生的論文之外,
小弟整理了網路上搜尋到的論文摘要與幾篇論文 pdf 檔.

為什麼要唸這邊的論文 ? 除了氣的樂章裡面的描述之外,
真正要運用的時候得徹底搞清楚所有相關的觀念與做法,
近代生理學探討的是組織器官,
這邊透過循環中的徑向共振理論來串接中國醫學與近代醫學.

聲音也好, 光線也好, 影像也好, 大自然的象是種訊號,
而訊號透過頻譜分析可以抓出其共通規律,
易經裡面講: " 近取諸身, 遠取諸物. "
天人想要合一, 總要有共通的東東可以合吧 ?

從最初的受精卵開始, 到媽媽的肚子, 到家人, 到學校公司團體,
到國家, 到亞洲美洲歐洲, 到地球, 到太陽系,
或許從大爆炸之後的原點就循著" 象 "的同步,
把所有的命運因果串接在一起,

要理解象有很多種方法,
王唯工教授透過" 脈象 "研究所得到的徑向共振理論,
在" 氣的樂章 "一書裡面對內經裡面陰陽五行打下了重要基礎,
或許可以當作是個出發的原點吧

這邊的論文, 像 IEEE Transaction 上面的,
只要一篇就可以畢業一個博士了說,
當年組上有很多很多人過不了這個標準而畢不了業說.

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IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2004 Jan;51(1):193-5. Related Articles, Links


Comment in:
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2004 Jan;51(1):196-7.

The natural frequencies of the arterial system and their relation to the heart rate.

Lin Wang YY, Jan MY, Shyu CS, Chiang CA, Wang WK.

Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, no. 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chou Rd., Taipei 116, Taiwan. [email protected]

We assume the major function of the arterial system is transporting energy via its transverse vibration to facilitate the blood flowing all the way down to the microcirculation. A highly efficient system is related to maintaining a large pressure pulse along the artery for a given ventricular power. The arterial system is described as a composition of many infinitesimal Windkessels. The strong tethering in the longitudinal direction connects all the Windkessels together and makes them vibrate in coupled modes. It was assumed that at rest condition, the arterial system is in a steady distributed oscillatory state, which is the superposition of many harmonic modes of the transverse vibration in the arterial wall and the adherent blood. Every vibration mode has its own characteristic frequency, which depends on the geometry, the mass density, the elasticity, and the tethering of the arterial system. If the heart rate is near the fundamental natural frequency, the system is in a good resonance condition, we call this "frequency matching." In this condition, the pulsatile pressure wave is maximized. A pressure wave equation derived previously was used to predict this fundamental frequency. The theoretical result gave that heart rate is proportional to the average high-frequency phase velocity of the pressure wave and the inverse of the animal body length dimension. The area compliance related to the efficiency of the circulatory system is also mentioned.

------

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2003 Jan;26(1 Pt 1):36-43. Related Articles, Links


Influencing the heart rate of rats with weak external mechanical stimulation.

Hsiu H, Jan MY, Wang YY, Wang WK.

Department of Electric Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

The ventricular-arterial coupling is assumed to minimize the expenditure of cardiac energy. From the conjecture of the resonance theory, the arterial system transmits pressure waves and resonates with the heartbeat, therefore, the arterial system is similar to a mechanical resonator. Theoretically, the heart rate can be paced with weak external mechanical stimulation and corresponding blood pressure changes can be observed. A waterbed was activated to generate 0.5-mmHg pressure vibrations as a stimulus and the rate was set to deviate 5% from the control heart rate. Among 13 studies on seven rats, the linear regression between X (stimulation frequency--control heart rate) and Y (actual changes of the heart rate) is Y = 0.992X = 0.062 (Hz) with a correlation coefficient of 0.97 (Y = X implies complete steering). The intercorrelation coefficient between the change in mean blood pressure and the heart rate was 0.79. The study showed that this weak mechanical stimulation influences the heart rate, and the blood pressure changes according to the heart rate. Cardiovascular optimization and the resonance theory may explain the way one may regulate the heart rate and the blood pressure of humans noninvasively in the future.

----

Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2003 Feb;24(2):145-51. Related Articles, Links


Evaluation of herbal formulas by pulse analysis method.

Wang WK, Hsu TL, Bau JG, Wang-Lin YY.

Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, China.

AIM: To distinguish the component difference between two similar herbal formulas by pulse analysis method. Many Chinese herbs were found to have specific effects on the Fourier components of the blood pressure pulse; it might infer a specific blood redistribution process on the body and reflect the health conditions of specific organs or tissues. The pulse effect of an herbal formula was similar to the linear combination of all its herbal compositions. METHODS: Two different versions of the herbal formula Liu-Wei-Dihuang were fed to the Wistar rats as a single blind test. The blood pressure pulses on the rat tail artery were recorded and then transformed to the frequency domain by Fourier analyzer. RESULTS: Formula A, Bai-Wei-Dihuang, with two more herbs Cortex Cinnamomi and Radix Aconiti added to Liu-Wei-Dihuang, increased the harmonic proportion of the 1st harmonic (C1) but decreased C4, C5. Formula B is composed in the same way but without Rhizoma Batatatis and Poria cocos; it increased the DC of the pulse spectrum (C0), but decreased C2, C3, C4, C5, C6. CONCLUSION: The component adjustment of an herbal formula could be distinctly and quantitatively detected by pulse analysis method.

-------

Am J Chin Med. 2000;28(2):279-89. Related Articles, Links


Influence of spleen meridian herbs on the harmonic spectrum of the arterial pulse.

Wang WK, Bau JG, Hsu TL, Wang YY.

Biophysics Lab, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pulse analysis is a powerful method in Chinese medicine. We suggest that the effect of herbal medicine is to redistribute the blood to organs and meridians. In this report, by injecting extracts into rats and then analyzing the blood pressure wave measured at the caudate arteries, we studied eight important spleen meridian related herbs: They were Semen Lablab, Fructus Amomi Globosi, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Tuber Pinelliae, Radix Codonopsitis, Pericarpium Aurantii and Rhizoma Polygonati. All eight herbs increased the intensity of the 3rd harmonic (C3) of the pressure pulse which is correlated to the spleen and spleen meridian, as described in traditional Chinese medical literature. All of them also increased the 2nd harmonic (which is correlated to the kidney and the kidney meridian) as well as decreased the heart load (DC term of pressure wave, C0). Tuber Pinelliae, Radix Codonopsitis, Pericarpium Aurantii and Rhizoma Polygonati decreased the 1st harmonic (correlated to the liver meridian) significantly, while Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae only decreased C1 slightly. Except for Semen Lablab, all the others decreased the intensity of the 5th (stomach meridian) and the 7th harmonics. The effects of kidney herbs: Cortex Eucommiae and Radix Achyranthis were also shown for comparison.

--------

IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 2000 May-Jun;19(3):106-11. Related Articles, Links


The importance of pulsatile microcirculation in relation to hypertension.

Jan MY, Hsiu H, Hsu TL, Wang YY, Wang WK.

Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University.


------

IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2000 Mar;47(3):313-8. Related Articles, Links


Effect of length on the fundamental resonance frequency of arterial models having radial dilatation.

Wang YY, Lia WC, Hsiu H, Jan MY, Wang WK.

Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, R.O.C. [email protected]

The pressure wave moving along an elastic artery filled with blood was examined as a moving Windkessel having a natural oscillation angular frequency nu 0 and a damping coefficient b. The radial directional motion for an element of the wall segment and the adherent fluid was considered. This equation was solved with conditions at both ends of an artery of length L. An external impulse force was applied at one end and a static pressure Po at the other. Analytic solution allowed only certain oscillation modes of resonance frequencies fn, where fn2 = a + cnL-2 with [formula: see text] and V infinity is the high frequency phase velocity. The relationship between f0 and L was examined experimentally for tubes constructed of latex, rubber, or dissected aorta. The effect of raising the static pressure P0 or increasing the tension in the tube was consistent with the prediction. The hypertension that accompanies an augmentation in arterial wall and the association between the heart rate and the mean blood pressure were discussed.

--------

IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 1999 Jan-Feb;18(1):73-5. Related Articles, Links


Pulse analysis of patients with severe liver problems. Studying pulse spectrums to determine the effects on other organs.

Lu WA, Wang YY, Wang WK.

Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University.

Publication Types:
Clinical Trial

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Am J Chin Med. 1998;26(1):73-82. Related Articles, Links


Liu-wei-dihuang: a study by pulse analysis.

Wang WK, Hsu TL, Wang YY.

Biophysics Laboratory, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pulse analysis method was used in studying the traditional Chinese formula Liu-Wei-Dihuang as well as five of its main components (Rehmannia glutinosa, Cornus officinalis, Paeonia Suffruticosa, Poria cocos and Alisma plantogo-aquatica var oriental). Based on our recently developed resonance theory, we tried to elucidate the mechanism and mutual reactions of these meridian related herbs. Hot water herbal extracts were injected intraperitoneally into rats and the pressure pulse spectrum at the caudate artery was measured. The results of this study indicated that Liu-Wei-Dihuang mildly increased blood flow to meridians with lower resonance frequency: namely the liver C1, the kidney C2 and the spleen C3; but decreased blood flow to the higher resonance frequency organs and meridians: the lung C4, the stomach C5, the gall bladder C6, and the bladder C7. It also decreased the heart load C0. All of the five herb components increased blood flow to the kidney C2 and the spleen C3; but their effects on the high frequency organs varied. Alisma plantogo-aquatica var. oriental decreased the C0, C5, C6, C7; Poria cocos decreased C1, C4, C5, C6; Rehmannia glutinosa, Paeonia Suffruticosa decreased C0, C4, C5, C6, C7; Cornus officinalis increased C4 but decreased C0, C5, C6, C7.

-------

Am J Chin Med. 1997;25(3-4):357-66. Related Articles, Links


Pulse spectrum study on the effect of sie-zie-tang and Radix aconiti.

Wang WK, Hsu TL, Chiang Y, Wang YY.

Biophysics Laboratory, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.

Extracts of the traditional Chinese formula Sie-Zie-Tang as well as one of its main components, Radix Aconiti were injected into rats intraperitoneally to observe pressure wave spectrum changes at the caudate artery. We found that Radix Aconiti decreased the C0 (DC term of the pulse), C5 and C6 (the harmonic proportions of the 5th and the 6th harmonic), but increased C2 and C3 (the harmonic proportions of the second and the third harmonic) significantly. For Sie-Zie-Tang, the increases of C2, C3, and C4 were accompanied by the decreasing of C0. The decreases of C5, C6 were small and not significant. The additional ingredients in the formula reduce toxic side effects (arrhythmia or heart failure caused by faster and stronger heart beat) due to Radix Aconiti. For human subjects, low dose Sie-Zie-Tang tends to normalize the Fourier components of the pressure wave. Orally taking the formula elevates the harmonic proportion of the harmonic that is lower than normal, but suppresses the higher one. Our results provides a possible mechanism for heart meridian related herbs. It strengthens heart beats, and normalizes energy distribution to different meridians. The study on Sie-Zie-Tang reveals another formula construction to reduce toxic side effects.

Publication Types:
Clinical Trial

--------

IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 1997 Jan-Feb;16(1):51-6. Related Articles, Links


Pressure wave propagation in arteries. A model with radial dilatation for simulating the behavior of a real artery.

Wang YY, Chang CC, Chen JC, Hsiu H, Wang WK.

Dept. of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei.

--------

The importance of pulsatile microcirculation in relation to hypertension
Ming-Yie Jan Hsin Hsiu Tse-Lin Hsu Yuh-Ying Lin Wang Wei-Kung Wang
Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei ;
This paper appears in: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, IEEE

Publication Date: May/Jun 2000
On page(s): 106-111
Volume: 19, Issue: 3
ISSN: 0739-5175
References Cited: 26
CODEN: IEMBDE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract:
The aim of the study presented was to prove that increased pulsatile blood pressure (PBP) increases perfusion in peripheral vascular beds (PVBs). We used a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF) to measure surface renal cortical flux (RCF) and a pressure-tip transducer catheter to measure abdominal aortic blood pressure (AABP). Besides demonstrating the relationship between RCF and AABP by linear regressive analysis with an averaged periodogram (AP), we also used time-domain pulse averaging to clarify the pulsatile AABP and RCF. Furthermore, we define a flux-to-pressure-area ratio (FPAR) to evaluate the efficiency by which the pulsatile AABP drives RCF

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The natural frequencies of the arterial system and their relation to the heart rate
Yuh-Ying Lin Wang Ming-Yie Jan Ching-Show Shyu Chi-Ang Chiang Wei-Kung Wang
Dept. of Phys., Nat. Taiwan Normal Univ., Taipei, Taiwan;
This paper appears in: Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on

Publication Date: Jan. 2004
On page(s): 193- 195
Volume: 51, Issue: 1
ISSN: 0018-9294

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract:
We assume the major function of the arterial system is transporting energy via its transverse vibration to facilitate the blood flowing all the way down to the microcirculation. A highly efficient system is related to maintaining a large pressure pulse along the artery for a given ventricular power. The arterial system is described as a composition of many infinitesimal Windkessels. The strong tethering in the longitudinal direction connects all the Windkessels together and makes them vibrate in coupled modes. It was assumed that at rest condition, the arterial system is in a steady distributed oscillatory state, which is the superposition of many harmonic modes of the transverse vibration in the arterial wall and the adherent blood. Every vibration mode has its own characteristic frequency, which depends on the geometry, the mass density, the elasticity, and the tethering of the arterial system. If the heart rate is near the fundamental natural frequency, the system is in a good resonance condition, we call this "frequency matching". In this condition, the pulsatile pressure wave is maximized. A pressure wave equation derived previously was used to predict this fundamental frequency. The theoretical result gave that heart rate is proportional to the average high-frequency phase velocity of the pressure wave and the inverse of the animal body length dimension. The area compliance related to the efficiency of the circulatory system is also mentioned.